EUROPEAN & NASHI PEARS
NASHI PEARS
The following link has some useful info on it - http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/agriculture/horticulture/pomes/nashi
The following link has some useful info on it - http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/agriculture/horticulture/pomes/nashi
20th Century
Bong Ri China Pear Choju Chojuro Dan Bai Hakko Hang Soo Hosui Hwa Hong Kikusui Kosui Nijisseiki |
Nitaka
Shen Li Shin Soo Shingo Shinsei Shinseiki Shinsui Shinsetsu Simkaki Tsu Li Ya Li Yakumo |
European Pears
The 1875 Frogmore Nursery catalogue said this of pears-
"This delicious fruit is just the tree for this Colony; it revels in all kinds of soil, surpassing in growth all other kinds planted at the same time. There are varieties ripening from 1st of January to December."
References
There are a number of references used to make up this list of pear varieties known to have once been grown locally.
1. Goodman’s catalogue, 1906. [Goodmans1906] The catalogue used American spelling for words such as color (colour) and flavor (flavour) and this has been retained.
2. Goodman’s catalogue 1914. [Goodmans1914]
3. Railton and Co catalogue thought to be about 1880. [Railton]
4. List of fruit varieties grown at Friedenstruh Orchard.
5. List of fruiting plants growing at the Royal Horticultural Gardens, Richmond Park, Burnley, in 1896. Thanks to the State Library of Victoria for allowing us to use information contained in this list. [Burnley]
6. List of wax models kept at the Scienceworks Museum. At the Scienceworks Museum, 2 Booker St Spotswood, there are a substantial number of wax models of pears and this may provide an excellent means of identifying many of the un-named varieties that are possibly rare heritage varieties as well as confirming or otherwise the identity of some of the ones that are being re-discovered. The collection can be viewed on weekdays between 10 am and 4:30pm, by previous arrangement on 03 3924819 and ask for Liza Dale.
Varieties of apple that there is a wax replica of have [Sci] beside them.
8. The catalogue of Samuel Lang, Nurseryman, Raglan St Sale. [Lang]
9. European Pear Varieties, J E Campbell, Agricultural Research and Veterinary Centre, Orange, NSW.
Commercial sources where grafted trees can be purchased-
Bob Magnus
Woodbridge
Tasmania 7162.
Bob operates a mail order nursery propagating a number of heritage varieties of pears on quince rootstocks, giving a tree about 1/4 the size of a normal pear tree. Fruit is of similar size to normal pears and this means of propagating provides very manageable trees.
A specialist in heritage and modern varieties of apple as well as plums and hazelnuts. Send 3x45c stamps for catalogue.
Group 3 is for Government agencies who may provide propagation material.
[Orange] Orange Research Station
Forest Road
Orange
NSW 2800
Phone 063 913800 Fax 063 913899
(Jill Cambell)
"This delicious fruit is just the tree for this Colony; it revels in all kinds of soil, surpassing in growth all other kinds planted at the same time. There are varieties ripening from 1st of January to December."
References
There are a number of references used to make up this list of pear varieties known to have once been grown locally.
1. Goodman’s catalogue, 1906. [Goodmans1906] The catalogue used American spelling for words such as color (colour) and flavor (flavour) and this has been retained.
2. Goodman’s catalogue 1914. [Goodmans1914]
3. Railton and Co catalogue thought to be about 1880. [Railton]
4. List of fruit varieties grown at Friedenstruh Orchard.
5. List of fruiting plants growing at the Royal Horticultural Gardens, Richmond Park, Burnley, in 1896. Thanks to the State Library of Victoria for allowing us to use information contained in this list. [Burnley]
6. List of wax models kept at the Scienceworks Museum. At the Scienceworks Museum, 2 Booker St Spotswood, there are a substantial number of wax models of pears and this may provide an excellent means of identifying many of the un-named varieties that are possibly rare heritage varieties as well as confirming or otherwise the identity of some of the ones that are being re-discovered. The collection can be viewed on weekdays between 10 am and 4:30pm, by previous arrangement on 03 3924819 and ask for Liza Dale.
Varieties of apple that there is a wax replica of have [Sci] beside them.
8. The catalogue of Samuel Lang, Nurseryman, Raglan St Sale. [Lang]
9. European Pear Varieties, J E Campbell, Agricultural Research and Veterinary Centre, Orange, NSW.
Commercial sources where grafted trees can be purchased-
Bob Magnus
Woodbridge
Tasmania 7162.
Bob operates a mail order nursery propagating a number of heritage varieties of pears on quince rootstocks, giving a tree about 1/4 the size of a normal pear tree. Fruit is of similar size to normal pears and this means of propagating provides very manageable trees.
A specialist in heritage and modern varieties of apple as well as plums and hazelnuts. Send 3x45c stamps for catalogue.
Group 3 is for Government agencies who may provide propagation material.
[Orange] Orange Research Station
Forest Road
Orange
NSW 2800
Phone 063 913800 Fax 063 913899
(Jill Cambell)
EUROPEAN PEARS THAT MAY STILL BE GROWING IN AUSTRALIA
ABATE FETEL French pear presently in Quarantine in South Perth, number one pear in Italy.
ATAGO In Quarantine in Rydalmere? AURORA In quarantine at Rydalmere. ??? BARTLETT See Williams bon Chretien. BD 35/84 <a6> BELLE DE JUNE In Quarantine at Rydalmere. BEURRE BOSC A first class dessert pear, large and of good flavour; medium [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] Vigorous, spreading, untidy. <2b><a6><a5> [Sci] {VT} {FHN}{Goodmans95} BEURRE CAPIAUMONT <2c><a6> BEURRE CLAIRGEAU A large and very handsome pear, delicious flavour; late [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] BEURRE D' ANJOU Large, of first quality; Medium [Goodmans1906] <2c> <a6> {VT} [Burnley] BEURRE DE CAPIAUMONT A very good market variety; medium size and very handsome; very good bearer, Autumn. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] <2c> BEURRE HARDENPONT [Burnley] <2?> BEURRE HARDY A large pear, very tender and rich, with a good flavor An excellent market variety Autumn [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Orange] [Sci] <2c,e><a6> BURRE SUPERFINE The tree is a healthy, hardy, and moderately vigorous; not an early, but a good bearer when at full age; Skin yellow with crimson on sunny side; flesh exceedingly juicy, melting, with a brisk sub-acid flavor; very good. Autumn. [Goodmans1914] BEURRE SUPERFIN [Burnley] [Sci] <2c> SUPERFIN <a6> BLACK ACHAN A very large cooking pear, late. [Goodmans1906] <2c> [Sci] BROOMPARK Fruit of medium size, very rich flavour. [Goodmans1906] Winter [Railton] <2c> [Sci] BROWN BEURRE (Friedenstruh Orchard) <2c> CATSHEAD (WA) CHRISTMAS PEAR?? An un-named small pear that ripens between Christmas and New Year that was growing on the Leebrook property near Stockdale. <2b><a6> CHRISTMAS PEAR #2 Located growing at Boho. CLAPPS FAVOURITE One of the best early varieties. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Orange] <2e><a6> CONFERENCE Fruit large, colour green and russett, very rich and juicy, very good market variety, strong grower and heavy bearer. [Goodmans1906] [Orange] <2><a6> (TH) [VT95] [Sci] CONSEILLER DE LA COUR [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] <2c> CORELLA <2><a6> {Goodmans95} COUNCILOR DE LA COUR <a6> DOCTOR JULES GUYOT A very fine early variety. Similar to Williams' Bon Chrétien, only earlier and a little smaller. [Goodmans1914] [Orange] <2> DORSET Beautiful large fruit, golden yellow skin, crimson on the sunny side; flesh juicy, sugary and melting, good quality. Late. [Goodmans1914] <a6> DOYENNE BOUSSOCH A splendid pear, very juicy and melting; medium. [Goodmans1906] Large round dessert pear, of first quality [Railton] [Burnley] [Sci] <2c> <a6> DOYENNE D' ETE Small fruit, but extra good, one of the earliest; great bearer. [Goodmans1906] A small round pear, rich flavour [Railton] [Burnley] <2c> DOYENNE DU COMICE Large, juicy, and of good flavor. Medium. Good for export. Does not hang well on the trees. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] [Orange] [Sci] <2><a6> DOYENNE DE COMICE [VT95] DURRANDEU Large yellow and crimson, a delicious pear, good market variety, Winter. [Goodmans1906]. [Sci] DUTCHESS D ANGOULEME Large, rich, melting; a good dessert pear. Autumn. [Goodmans1914] [Lang] [Burnley] [Sci] <a6> COMICE {FHN} DURONDEAU [Burnley] <2c> ELDORADO <2b><a6>[VT95] FLA 37/40 Low chill variety <a6> FLEMISH BEAUTY One of the best varieties for desert, medium. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] Located by David Aumann of Yarram, 1993. <2c> [Sci] |
GAISHIRTLE <a3>
GLOU MORCEAU Large pear; yellow skin, flesh is buttery, melting and very juicy; excellent dessert variety. Good for export. [Goodmans1914] (TH) [Burnley] [Sci] <2c> GREEN HORSE <a6> VICTORIA LANGELIER [Burnley] <2?> HARRINGTON'S VICTORIA Fruit very large. Good for stewing. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] Whereabouts unknown HARRINGTON [Orange] <2> HARROW DELIGHT <a6> HONEY PEAR (Friedenstruh Orchard) <2?> HOWELL A valuable variety; fruit large,; flesh white and juicy. Early [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] [Orange] <2c> [Sci] JARGONELLE Very old and well known early variety. [Goodmans1906] [Lang] [Burnley] <2b,c> [Sci] JOSEPHINE DE MALINES A late pear, good keeper, rich, juicy and melting with most delicious flavour; late. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] {VT} <2b,c><a6><a6> [Sci] {Goodmans95} KEIFFER'S HYBRID A first class variety, medium size, pineapple flavour, strong grower and very prolific; late. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] <2b,c><a6> LAURENCE Medium size, rich and aromatic; medium. [Goodmans1906] LAWRENCE [Burnley]<2c><a6> MAIGOLD <a6> MARIE LOUISE An early and one of the best dessert varieties. [Goodmans1906] Large; delicious fruit[Railton] [Lang] [Burnley] [Sci] <2c><a6> MARIE LOUISE D'UCCLE Large fruit, rich flavour. Autumn [Railton] <1><2> MC MILLAN?? Not its true name. Grafted from a tree believed to have been planted by Angus McMillan at Bushy Park. Possibly one of the first fruit trees planted in Gippsland. Original tree no longer exists but variety was preserved by Flo Pearce of Boisdale who took several grafts from the original tree. <2b> MIRANDINO ROSSO <a6> MOORCROFT <a6> NAPOLEON Large yellowish-green, very juicy and rich, keeps well; medium. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] <2> [Sci] PACKHAM'S TRIUMPTH (Packham) Raised by Mr Packham of Molong, NSW. Beautiful shape; large, good flavor, early and good cropper; ripe in April. Is a good shipper. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] <2b><a6> <a5>{VT} [Sci] {FHN}{Goodmans95} PAXTON <a6> RED D'ANJOU <a6> RED SENSATION [VT95] SENSATION <2b><a6>{Goodmans95} SAINT GIOVANNI [VT95] SCHMEDLI #1 One of two varieties given to us by Anne and John Schmedli. <a6> UVEDALE'S ST GERMAIN Very large pear, crisp and juicy, excellent for cooking. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] <2c><a6> VICAR OF WINKFIELD Large, juicy, a very heavy cropper, a splendid market variety; late. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] <2b,e> [Sci] WILLIAMS BON CHRETIEN Large, one of the very best varieties grown; early.[Goodmans1906] [Lang] [Burnley][Sci] <2b><a6><a5> {VT} WINTER BARTLETT Fruit of good size; resembles Bartlett in shape and appearance, but ripens three months later; flesh tender, melting and juicy. One of the best pears of recent introductions . [Goodmans1914] [Sci] <2c> WINTER COLE Medium size, juicy and very rich, good flavour, a very good variety; late. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] <2b><a5> {VT} [Sci] {FHN} WINTER NELLIS A small to medium sized greenish-yellow pear with smooth juicy flesh. [Goodmans1906] [Lang] [Sci] <2><a6><a5>{VT} YELLOW HUFFCAP <a6> |
MISSING OR 'LOST' PEARS - CAN YOU HELP?
ACHAN (Black Achan?) [Burnley]
ADOLPHE FOQUET [Burnley] AGLAE GREGOIRE [Burnley] [Sci] ALBERT BURBRIDGE [Burnley] ALEXANDRE BIVOT [Burnley] ALEXANDER LAMBRE [Sci] ALEXANDRE LAMBRE [Burnley] ALEXANDER 111 [Goodmans1914] ALPHONSE HUTIN [Goodmans1914] ALTHORPE, CRASSANE [Burnley] AMBROSIA [Burnley] AMIRE IVANET [Burnley] ANDRE DESPORTES [Burnley] ANGELINA BORDEAUX Large mid season desert pear. [Lang] ANNA NELIS [Burnley] ANNIVERSAIRE DE LEOPOLD [Burnley] AUGUSTE MIGNARD [Burnley] AUTUMN BURGAMOT [Burnley] [Sci] AUTUMN PROLIFIC [Burnley] AVOCAT ALLARD [Burnley] BACKHOUSE BERGAMOT A first class pear[Goodmans1906] Medium size, hardy and a great bearer [Railton] BAKEHOUSE'S BERGAMOT [Sci] BAKEHOUSE'S SEEDLING [Burnley] BAILY'S BERGAMOT Very rich and melting fruit, a very hardy grower and good bearer [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] BARBE NELIS [Burnley] BARLAND [Burnley] BARRONNE DE MELLO [Burnley] BEACON Very handsome fruit; good flavor. Late. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] BEADNELL'S SEEDLING [Burnley] BELLE ET BONNE [Burnley] BELLE LUCRATIVE [Burnley] BELLE DE MALINES [Burnley] BELLE JULIE [Burnley] BELLISSIME DE HIVER [Burnley] BELMONT [Burnley] BERGAMOT CADETTE [Burnley] BERGAMOTTE COLE [Burnley] BERGAMOTTE MOLLE [Burnley] BERGAMOT SAGARET [Burnley] BERGAMOT ESPEREN [Burnley] BERGAMOTTE ESPEREN [Sci] BERGAMOT HERTRICH [Burnley] BERGAMOTTE HERTRICH [Sci] BERGAMOTTE RENEE [Goodmans1914] BERGAMOTTE SAPIESCHANKA [Goodmans1914] BEURRE ANANAS [Burnley] BEURRE ASSOMPTION Originated near Nantes, in France; fruit large flesh white. [Goodmans1914] BEURRE BACHELIER Fruit medium size, skin greenish-y yellow, with brown dots and patches of russet next to the stalk; flesh juicy, melting, with a brisk aromatic flavor. Winter. [Goodmans1914] BEURRE BAGNET [Burnley] BEURRE BALTET PERE Sweet and juicy. Medium. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] BEURRE BENOIST [Burnley] BEURRE BERKMANS BEURRE BERCKMANS [Burnley] [Sci]? BEURRE BERGAMOT [Burnley] BEURRE BEYMONT [Burnley] BEURRE BLUMENBACH [Burnley] BEURRE BRETONNEAU [Burnley] [Sci] BEURRE BROWN Very well and favourably known as a dessert pear [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] BEURRE CHANDY Tree vigorous and prolific, nice fruit. Late. [Goodmans1914] BEURRE COLMAR Delicious flavour; large, late [Lang] BEURRE D'AMANALIS [Burnley] BEURRE D'AMANLIS [Sci] BEURRE D'AMANALIS PANACHEE [Burnley] BEURRE D'AREMBERG [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] [Sci] BEURRE DE ANJON (Friedenstruh Orchard) BEURRE DE CAEN [Burnley] BEURRE DE FEVRIER [Burnley] BEURRE DE HIVER [Burnley] BEURRE DE HIVER NOVEAU [Burnley] BEURRE DE JONGHE [Burnley] BEURRE DE L' ASSOMPTION [Burnley] BEURRE DE PIQUERY [Sci] BEURRE DE RANCE [Sci] BEURRE DE WETTEREN [Burnley] BEURRE DELFOSSE [Burnley] BEURRE DIEL Large, yellow, delicious fruit, good keeper and most prolific; Autumn [Goodmans1906] [Sci] [Burnley] BEURRE DURAND [Sci] BEURRE DURMONT [Burnley] BEURRE DUVAL [Burnley] BEURRE ESPEREN [Burnley] BEURRE EASTER [Burnley] BEURRE FONQUERAY A first class variety, vigorous and very prolific; handsome fruit. [Goodmans1906] BEURRE GIFFARD Medium size, greenish yellow, marbled with red on the sunny side; flesh white, melting, juicy, delightfully perfumed; a valuable early pear. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] BEURRE GOUBALT Very good; small desert pear, late. [Lang] BEURRE GRIS [Burnley] BEURRE LANGELLIER [Sci] BEURRE MAVEY Very juicy and rich; large mid season desert pear. [Lang] . BEURRE PRESTON [Burnley] BEURRE RANCE [Burnley] BEURRE SIX [Burnley] BEURRE SPAE [Burnley] BEURRE STERCKLEMANS [Sci] BEURRE STERCKMAN'S [Burnley] BEURRE THUERLINCKX [Burnley] BEURRE VAN DRIESSCHE [Burnley] BEZI ESPEREN [Burnley] BEZI MAIE [Burnley] BEZI MONTAGUE [Burnley] BISHOPS THUMB [Burnley] BLACK WORCESTOR [Burnley] BLANCHE [Burnley] [Sci] BLOODGOOD [Burnley] BONNE D' A large pear of very good quality; Autumn [Goodmans1906] . BON CHRETIEN BONNAMOUR Fruit large, skin smooth, slightly tinted on the Sunnyside; flesh fine, melting, juicy, and sugary, well perfumed, and of good quality; tree vigorous, a good bearer. [Goodmans1914] BON CHRETIEN FONDANTE [Burnley] BON CHRETIEN SUMMER [Burnley] BON CHRETIEN TURC [Burnley] BON WATMOUGH'S [Burnley] BONNE DE PUITS ANSAULT [Burnley] BOUVIER BOURGMESTRE [Burnley] BRITISH QUEEN [Sci] BROCKWORTH PARK Fine dessert pear of good size. Medium. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] [Sci] BROOMPARK (ENGLISH) [Burnley] BROOMPARK (OF THE COLONY) [Burnley] BRITISH QUEEN [Burnley] BROUGHAM [Burnley] B. S. FOX [Burnley] BUFFAN BUFFUM [Burnley] CELEBASE BOISBUNEL [Burnley] CELEBASSE COLE [Burnley] CALEBASSE GROSSE [Burnley] [Sci] CATTILAC A very large cooking pear; Winter [Railton] [Burnley] [Sci] CATINKA [Burnley] CELESTE [Burnley] CHARLES COGNAC [Burnley] CHAUMOTEL Large and russett, very sugary and melting, most peculiar and agreeable aroma. [Goodmans1906]. CHAUMONTEL First class large mid season desert pear [Lang] [Burnley] [Sci] CHAMONTEL STRIPED [Burnley] CHINESE SAND PEAR [Sci] CHINESE [Burnley] CLAUDE MOLET [Burnley] CITRON DES CARMES A very early pear and of first quality. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] CLUSTER [Sci] COITS BEURRE [Burnley] COLMAR Excellent large mid season desert pear. [Lang] [Sci] COLMAR D'ETE [Sci] COLOGNE (Friedenstruh Orchard) COMMISSAIRE DELMOTTE [Burnley] COMTE DE CHAMBORD A large pear, good quality, excellent cropper; late. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] COMTE DE FLANDRE A very fair dessert pear. [Goodmans1914] . [Sci] COMTE DE FLANDRES [Burnley] COMTE DE PARIS [Burnley] COLE [Burnley] COLE'S HYBRID [Burnley] COLMAR [Burnley] COLMAR D'AREMBERG [Burnley] COLMAR D'ETE [Burnley] COLMAR DE JONGHE [Burnley] COLONEL WILDER [Burnley] CRYSHAN (Friedenstruh Orchard) CUMBERLAND [Burnley] CULLOTTE DE SUISSE [Burnley] DAIMEYO A first class variety, fruit medium size, golden yellow. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] DANA'S HOVEY [Burnley] DE CONGRESS (DUTCHESS?) [Goodmans1914] DE LA CHINE (331) [Burnley] DE LA CHINE (1404) [Burnley] DE LA CHINE (1405) [Burnley] DE LA FORESTRIE Skin golden yellow; flesh superior quality. Late. [Goodmans1914] DE MARAISE [Burnley] DEARBORN'S SEEDLING [Burnley] DELICES D'HARDENPONT [Burnley] DEMPSEY A cross between Williams' Bon Chrétien and the Duchess d'Angouleme; fruit large, yellow skin, tinted with brown on sunny side; flesh is white, fine grained, fine grained, tender, buttery, with a rich, sweet and delicious flavour. Medium. [Goodmans1914] DESIRE CORNELIS [Sci] DESIRE CORNELIUS [Burnley] DEUX SOEURS [Burnley] DIRECTEUR HARDY A midseason pear, of first quality. [Goodmans1914] DOCTEUR (P?)ESPORTES [Goodmans1914] DR. HOGG [Burnley] DR. LENTIER [Burnley] DR. LINDLEY [Burnley] DR. NELIS [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] DR. REEDER [Burnley] DR. TROUSSEAU [Burnley] DOYENNE D'ALENCON [Burnley] [Sci] DOYENNE BLANC [Burnley] DOYENNE DE MERODE ?? [Burnley] DOYENNE DEFRAYS [Burnley] DOYENNE GOUBALT [Goodmans1914] [Lang] [Burnley] [Sci] DOYENNE GRIS [Burnley] DOYENNE RICHARD [Burnley] DRAPER'S SECKLE [Burnley] DUC D'AUMALE [Burnley] DUC DE MORNY [Burnley] DUFFY'S SEEDLING [Burnley] DUTCHESS DE BRONZEE [Goodmans1914] DUTCHESS DE HIVER [Burnley] DUTCHESS D' ORLEANS [Burnley] [Sci] EARLY CRAWFORD [Burnley] EASTER BEURRE A dessert pear; late. [Goodmans1906] [Sci] ELIZABETH COLE A first class variety, medium size, green and yellow, most delicious flavour. Winter. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] ELIZABETH SOPHIA Of medium size, short, yellow and very rich; medium. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] ELIZA D'HEYST [Burnley] EMBASSY (Drapers [Burnley]) [Sci] EMILE D' HEYST [Burnley] [Sci] EUGENE APPERT [Burnley] EYEWOOD Medium size, great cropper, a good export variety; medium.[Burnley] [Lang] [Sci] FERTILITY Large, good colour, highly flavoured, heavy cropper, anexcellent variety for early market; medium. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley]. [Sci] FIGUE DE NAPLES Buttery and melting; large mid season desert pear.[Lang] [Burnley] FLADBERG [Burnley] FLORELLE (trout) One of the most beautiful pears grown; color whenripe is lemon yelow, crimson specks. Medium. [Goodmans1914] [Lang]. [Sci] FONDANTE D'AUTOMNE Melting and sweet; late. [Lang] [Burnley] FONDANTE DE BOIS [Burnley] FONDANTE DE BIHORAL [Burnley] FONDANTE DE CHARNEU [Burnley] FONDANTE DE CUERNE [Burnley] FONDANTE DE MARS [Burnley] FONDANTE DE MALINES [Burnley] FONDANTE DE NOEL [Burnley] FONDANTE DE PANISEL [Burnley] FONDANTE DE THIRRIOTT [Burnley] FORELLE (TROUT PEAR) [Burnley] FORTUNE BOISSELOT [Burnley] FRANC REAL D'HIVER [Burnley] FREDERIC DE WURTEMBURG [Burnley] [Sci] FREDERICK CLAPP [Burnley] FULVIE GREGOIRE [Burnley] |
GANSELLS BERGAMOT Medium size, juicy and very rich, splendid dessertpear; Winter. [Goodmans1906] Autumn [Railton] [Burnley][Sci]
GANSEL'S BERGAMOT (COLE'S) [Burnley] GANSELL'S BERGAMOT An excellent pear, large, mid season desert. [Lang] GANSEL'S LATE BERGAMOT [Burnley] GANSEL'S SECKLE [Burnley] GARBERS HYBRID ?? [Burnley] GENERAL TODLEBEN [Burnley] GIBLING'S SEEDLING A splendid variety, largely grown in Tasmania. [Goodmans1914] GIBLIN'S SEEDLING [Burnley] GILLIES O'GILLIES [Burnley] GILOGIL [Burnley] GOLDEN BEURRE [Burnley] (Friedenstruh Orchard) GOLDEN DROP [Burnley] GREAT BRITAIN [Burnley] GREEN CHISEL [Burnley] [Sci] GREEN YAIR GREGORIE BORDILLON [Burnley] ?? GROOM'S PRINCESS ROYAL [Burnley] HACON'S INCOMPARIABLE [Burnley] HAMPDEN'S BERGAMOT [Sci] HAWAII [Burnley] HENRI LE DOCTE [Burnley] HESSLE [Burnley] [Sci] HERAULT D'ANGERS [Burnley] HOOSIC [Burnley] HUYSHE'S PRINCE CONSORT [Burnley] HUYSHE'S PRINCE OF WALES [Burnley] HUYSHE'S VICTORIA [Burnley] [Sci] IDAHO Large rich and melting; a first class pear, late. [Goodmans1906][Burnley] INCOMPARABLE DE BEAURING [Burnley] IRIS GREGORIE [Burnley] ISSE BONNE [Burnley] JACQUES MOLET [Burnley] JALOUSIE DE FONTENAY [Burnley] JAMINETTE [Burnley] JEAN DE WITTE [Burnley] JERSEY GRATIOLI [Burnley] JONES' SEEDLING [Burnley] JOYEAN DE SEPTEMBRE [Burnley] KING EDWARD A Stewing pear; small and early. [Lang] [Burnley] KING EDWARD'S [Sci] KING HARRY [Burnley] KNIGHT'S MONARCH [Burnley] KOONCE One of the very best early varieties, good market pear. [Goodmans1906] LA FRANCE [Goodmans1914] LA JUIVE [Burnley] LA QUENTIN [Burnley] LA SOEUR GREGORIE [Burnley] LAFFERS BERGAMOTTE A new pear raised by Mr George R Laffer, of Belair, South Australia; said to be a cross between Winter Nellis and Williams Bon Chretien. It is a first class Bergamotte, medium to large size,good flavor, rich, melting and juicy. Ripe in March. [Goodmans1914] .LAMMAS [Burnley] [Sci] LATE CRAWFORD [Burnley] [Sci] LAWSON [Burnley] LE LECTIER One of the best, a new variety, strong and regular, veryrich and highly perfumed; April. [Burnley] [Goodmans1906] . LECONTE Stewing, tree very vigorous grower, and regular cropper; late.[Goodmans1906]. LA CONTE [Goodmans1914] LE CONTE [Burnley] [Sci] LEON LECLERC DE LAVAL [Burnley] [Sci] LEOPOLD THE FIRST [Burnley] L'INCONNUE Medium size, splendid flavour, heavy cropper; late. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] LION REX [Burnley] LONDON SUGAR [Burnley] LORIEL DE BARNY [Burnley] LOUISE BONNE OF JERSEY A most delicious pear, rich and very juicy; medium. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] LOUISE BONNE DE PRINTEMPS [Burnley] LUCY GRIEVE ?? [Burnley] MADAME COLE Late variety, good dessert. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] MADAME CHANDRY [Burnley] MADAME ELIZA [Burnley] MADAME GREGORIE [Burnley] MADAME LANG Medium size and very sweet and good strong grower; late.[Goodmans1906] MADAME LORIEL DE BARNY [Burnley] MADAME MARSHALL [Burnley] MADAME MILLET [Burnley] MADAME MUELLER [Burnley] MADAME TREYVE Fruit small, a handsome dessert; early. [Goodmans1906][Burnley] [Sci] MADAME VON SIEBOLD [Burnley] MAGGIE SECKLE [Burnley] MAGNATE Fruit very large, pyriform, skin yellow and dark crimson, andbrown streaked where exposed to the sun, very handsome; flesh yellow,melting and juicy. Medium. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] MAITRE LEPINE (Friedenstruh Orchard) MANNING'S ELIZABETH [Burnley] MARECHAL DE COUR [Sci] MARECHAL VALLIANT [Burnley] [Sci] MARICHAL WILDER [Burnley] MARIE BENOIST [Burnley] MARIE BENSOIT [Goodmans1914] MARIE GUISSE [Burnley] MARIE LOUISE NOUVELLE [Burnley] MARIE LOUISE MARGUERITE [Burnley] MARTIN SEC. Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit small, ovate, yellow,shaded with crimson in the sun, some russet; flesh coarse, juicy,agreeable; chiefly used for cooking. Late. [Goodmans1914] MASH PUTTI [Burnley] MELANIE MICHELON [Burnley] MELON DE NAMIER [Burnley] MIEL DE WATERLOO [Burnley] MILLOT DE NANCY [Burnley] MINATOLI A very good early ripening pear grafted by the Late Nunzio Minatoli of Tatura. Ripening early January, Mr Minatoli grafted a fewin the mid 80's so the variety wouldn't be lost. Scion given to us bythe Minatoli family who are still orcharding on the property.(My ref 26, 2) MONCHALLARD [Sci] MONSALLARD [Burnley] MONSEIGNEUR DE HANS [Burnley] MOREL [Burnley] MOSSMONT [Burnley] MOTHER [Burnley] MOUNT VERNON Large nearly globular pear. comes into bearing early.Late. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] MUIRFOWL'S EGG [Burnley] NAPOLEON SAVINNEAU [Burnley] NASHIR [Burnley] NAVEZ PEINTRE [Burnley] NE PLUS MEURIS [Burnley] [Sci] NEVERFAIL Medium size and good for dessert. [Goodman’s 1914][Burnley] NEVERFAILS [Sci] NONSHALLARD A very good early pear. [Goodman’s 1914] NOUVELLE FULVIE [Sci] NOUVELLE MERVILLE [Burnley] NOUVEAU POITEAU [Burnley] OLD CRASSANE [Burnley] OLDFIELD [Burnley] OLIVER DE SERRES A new sort, reputed of first quality in France; fruitlarge, color deep yellow; flesh white, firm juicy, sweet. Late. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] ONONDAGA [Burnley] OSBAND'S SUMMER [Burnley] P. BARRY Large pyriform,skin orange-yellow; flesh very juicy, buttery,fine, excellent flavor. Very late. Prolific bearer. [Goodmans1914] [Burnley] PACKHAM'S LATE [Sci] PARADISE D' AUTOMNE [Burnley] PARROT A Bergamotte of brilliant color; flesh melting and very good;hardy and abundant bearer, good either for garden or market. Medium.[Goodmans1914] PASSAN'S DE PORTUGUL [Burnley] PASSANS DU PORTUGAL [Sci] PASSE COLMAR [Burnley] PEACH (or PECHE) [Burnley] PETIET MARGURITE [Burnley] PIERRE PEPIN [Burnley] PITMASTON DUTCHESS Very handsome, of best quality; medium. PIUS THE 9TH [Burnley] POIRE DE BERRIAYS medium size, tender and juicy, good bearer, asplendid dessert pear; medium. [Goodmans1906][Burnley] [Sci] POIRE DE DECIMA [Burnley] POIRE DU VOYAGEUR [Burnley] PRESIDENT DE BOUTTEVILLE [Burnley] PRESIDENT D'OSMONDVILLE ?? [Burnley] PRESIDENT HERIN [Goodmans1914] PRESIDENT MAS [Burnley] PRESTON BEURRE [Sci] PREVOST (VAN MONS) [Burnley] PRINCE ALBERT A fine melting pear; large, mid season, desert. [Lang][Burnley] PRINCE NAPOLEON [Burnley] PRINCESS OF WALES [Burnley] PROFESSOR BARRAL [Burnley] RED OCTOBER Superior variety of Beurre de Capiaumont, bright brown,orange-red red tinge, delicate, rich, abundant. [Goodmans1914] REINE DE PRECOCE [Burnley] RICHMOND NELIS [Burnley] RIVERS [Burnley] ROKEBY [Burnley] ROUSSELET DE STUTTGARDT [Burnley] RUTTER [Burnley] [Sci] SAINT GERMAIN [Burnley] [Sci] SAINT GHISLAIN [Sci] SAINT MICHEL ARCHANGE [Burnley] [Sci] ST. SWITHIN [Burnley] SEBASTAPOL [Burnley] SECKLE Fruit small, very rich and good; medium. [Goodmans1906] [Burnley] [Sci] SELLICK [Burnley] SENATEUR BELLE Seedling of Easter Beurre; very large, nice fruit; skinsmooth, golden yellow; flesh fine juicy, and perfumed; tree vigorous andprolific. Early [Goodmans1914] SENATEUR MOPLEMAN [Burnley] SENATEUR REVEIL [Burnley] SENECA Nice sort, of fine quality, skin clear yellow, with a bright redcheek on one side; flesh juicy, melting, vinous. Ripens after WilliamsBon Chrétien. [Goodmans1914] SHELDON [Burnley] SMITH HYBRID ?? SMITH'S HYBRID [Burnley] SNOBDEN COURT [Burnley] SOLDAT ESPEREN [Burnley] SOLDAT LABOUREUR [Sci] SOUVENIR DE CONGRESS [Burnley] SOUVENIR DE ESPEREN [Burnley] SOUVENIR DE JULES GUINDON [Goodmans1914] . SOUVENIR DU PRESIDENT CARNOT Medium or large; flesh very fine, juicy;agreeably perfumed. Late. [Goodmans1914] SUFFOLK THORN [Burnley] [Sci] SUMMER BERGAMOTTE [Sci] SUMMER BON CHRETIEN [Sci] SUMMER BURRE D' AREMBERG [Burnley] SUMMER COMPOTE [Burnley] SUMMER CRASSANE (COLES) [Burnley] SUMMER DOYENNE [Sci] SUMMER FRANC REAL [Burnley] SURPASSE CRASANNE [Burnley] [Sci] SUSSETTE DE BAVEY [Burnley] SWANS' EGG. Good old variety (the tree is an excellent bearer) Autumn [Railton] [Burnley] TARDRIVE MUSQUE [Sci] TASMAN [Burnley] THOMPSON'S (EYEWOOD) Medium size, one of the best; late.[Goodmans1906] [Burnley] TELEGRAPH [Burnley] TRESOR ARMOUR BELLE ANGELINA [Burnley] TRIOMPHE DE JODOIGNE [Sci] TRIOMPHE DE LOUVIAN [Burnley] TWYFORD MONACH [Burnley] TYSON [Burnley] URBANISTE Medium size, good flavour; medium. [Goodmans1906][Burnley] [Sci] VAN DE WEYER BATES [Burnley] VAN MONS(?) Very large and fine; mid season desert. [Lang] VERMONT BEAUTY A new and handsome pear, yellow and carmine, veryhardy, good bearer. [Goodmans1906] VERTE LONGUE PANACHEE [Sci] VERULAM [Burnley] VICTOR HUGO. A new pear of good quality. Flesh tender, juicy andhighly flavored. [Goodmans1914] VINEUSE [Burnley] [Sci] VIRGOULEUSE [Sci] VOOKIE'S NO. 1 [Burnley] VOOKIE'S NO. 2 [Burnley] WASHINGTON [Burnley] WHATMAUGH'S BON CHRETIEN [Sci] WHATMAUGH'S NONSUCH [Sci] WHITE MONACH [Burnley] WILDER A good and very early pear, beautiful fruit, tender and slightlyacid, very prolific; the best for early market. [Goodmans1906] [Sci] WILLERMOZ [Burnley] WILLIAM'S VICTORIA WINDSOR [Burnley] WINTER CRASSANE [Burnley] YAIT [Burnley] ZEPHREIN GREGORIE [Burnley] ZEPHREIN LOUISE GREGORIE [Burnley] ZOE [Burnley] |
Notes on pear ripening times
prepared by Alan Broughton of Sarsfield.
prepared by Alan Broughton of Sarsfield.
Hwah 15/9-3/10
Chojuro 15/9-6/11 McMillan 17/9-5/10 Shingo 19/9-3/10 Williams 19/9-19/10 Packham 26/9-5/10 |
Kosui 26/9-19/10
Hakko 26/9-10/10 Beurre Bosc 28/9-12/10 Shinsui 1/10-17/10 Winter Cole 3/10-10/10 Danbae 19/10-30\10 |
Pear Rootstocks
There are several suppliers of quality pear rootstocks in Victoria.
Rochford Rootstock Nursery
RSD Box 107
Neerim South 3831
056 281229
Corella Nurseries
P.O. Box 98
Kallista 3791
03 7521093
Lucas Liners
P.O. Box 81
Olinda 3788
03 7511759
Pears can be grafted or budded onto seedling pear rootstocks or pear rootstocks raised from root cuttings. Most pears can also be graftedonto quince rootstocks which are easily raised from cuttings. Some pears are incompatible when directly grafted onto quince rootstocks but an intergraft of a compatible variety will allow all pears to be grafted onto quinces. Pears grafted onto quince rootstocks are shorter lived (20-30 years), start fruiting at an earlier age and only grow to a tree about one fifth the size of a normal tree. Quince rootstocks are often used for pear espaliers.
According to "Plant Propagation : Principles and Practices" by Hartmann and Kester, the following pear varieties are compatible with quince rootstocks- Anjou, Old Home, Hardy, Pachams Triumph, Gorham, Comice, Flemish Beauty, Duchess and Maxine.
The following are given as incompatible with quince and it is suggested that one of the above is used as an intergraft- Bartlett, Bosh, Winter Nelis, Seckel, Easter, Clairgeau, Guyot, Clapps Favorite, Farmingdale and El Dorado.
Hartmann and Kester also say the following on quince rootstocks- "There are a number of quince cultivars, most of which are easily propagated from hardwood cuttings or layering. 'Angers' quince is commonly used as a pear rootstock because its cuttings root readily, it grows vigorously in the nursery, and does well in the orchard.
'Provenence' quince roots produce larger pear trees than 'Angers' and are more winter hardy (only applies to extreme Northern Hemisphere winters).
The East Malling Research Station has selected several clones of quince suitable as pear rootstocks and designated them 'Quince A', 'B' & 'C'.
'Quince A' (Angers) has proved the most satisfactory stock. Quince B (Common quince) is somewhat dwarfing, whereas Quince C produces very dwarfed trees. It is important to use only virus-tested stock.
A new quince rootstock has become available known as "Quince BAC 29" and it is supposed to overcome some of the incompatibilities of other quince rootstocks.
The best information so far has come from a number of books and
catalogues from the last century-
1. "The American Fruit Culturist" by Thomas (about 1880)-
Rochford Rootstock Nursery
RSD Box 107
Neerim South 3831
056 281229
Corella Nurseries
P.O. Box 98
Kallista 3791
03 7521093
Lucas Liners
P.O. Box 81
Olinda 3788
03 7511759
Pears can be grafted or budded onto seedling pear rootstocks or pear rootstocks raised from root cuttings. Most pears can also be graftedonto quince rootstocks which are easily raised from cuttings. Some pears are incompatible when directly grafted onto quince rootstocks but an intergraft of a compatible variety will allow all pears to be grafted onto quinces. Pears grafted onto quince rootstocks are shorter lived (20-30 years), start fruiting at an earlier age and only grow to a tree about one fifth the size of a normal tree. Quince rootstocks are often used for pear espaliers.
According to "Plant Propagation : Principles and Practices" by Hartmann and Kester, the following pear varieties are compatible with quince rootstocks- Anjou, Old Home, Hardy, Pachams Triumph, Gorham, Comice, Flemish Beauty, Duchess and Maxine.
The following are given as incompatible with quince and it is suggested that one of the above is used as an intergraft- Bartlett, Bosh, Winter Nelis, Seckel, Easter, Clairgeau, Guyot, Clapps Favorite, Farmingdale and El Dorado.
Hartmann and Kester also say the following on quince rootstocks- "There are a number of quince cultivars, most of which are easily propagated from hardwood cuttings or layering. 'Angers' quince is commonly used as a pear rootstock because its cuttings root readily, it grows vigorously in the nursery, and does well in the orchard.
'Provenence' quince roots produce larger pear trees than 'Angers' and are more winter hardy (only applies to extreme Northern Hemisphere winters).
The East Malling Research Station has selected several clones of quince suitable as pear rootstocks and designated them 'Quince A', 'B' & 'C'.
'Quince A' (Angers) has proved the most satisfactory stock. Quince B (Common quince) is somewhat dwarfing, whereas Quince C produces very dwarfed trees. It is important to use only virus-tested stock.
A new quince rootstock has become available known as "Quince BAC 29" and it is supposed to overcome some of the incompatibilities of other quince rootstocks.
The best information so far has come from a number of books and
catalogues from the last century-
1. "The American Fruit Culturist" by Thomas (about 1880)-
DWARF PEARS
For orchard culture, and in most parts of the country where the pear flourishes with great vigor and proves highly productive, pear stocks will doubtless always be found preferable to all others. The advantages of a dwarf growth on dissimilar stocks have already been pointed out under the head of stocks. Such trees are not so long lived as on pear roots, and they require more thorough and fertile culture, and care in pruning. But they have some important advantages, such as coming into bearing, occupying a fifth part of the ground, thriving in many soils where pear-stocks will not, and in a few instances improving the quality of the fruit.
The only reliable stock is the French quince. Nearly all the experiments with mountain ash have sooner or later proved failures.
Budded or grafted on apple seedlings, pears sometimes make a feeble growth for a few years; but unless the grafts themselves throw out shoots, by planting beneath the surface, they sooner or later perish.
It sometimes happens that grafts of a few varieties inserted at standard height, grow and bear for a few years. The thorn (hawthorn?) has been used in England, and to some extent in this country, with partial success. But all other kinds of dissimilar stocks have given way to the quince, which is much superior for general use to any other.
The varieties of pear do not grow with equal facility upon the quince. A few, as the Duchess d'Angouleme, Louise Bonne of Jersey, and Beurre Diel, are so much improved in quality that their cultivation on pear stocks is discontinued by most fruit-growers. A large number flourish well, but are little changed in quality, as White Doyenne, and Dearborn's Seedling. A few, on the other hand, succeed badly or wholly refuse to grow upon quince stocks, without double working, which consists in first budding some freely growing pear upon the quince bottom, and then budding or grafting the "refractory" sort into the pear shoot.
As a general rule, double worked trees do not flourish for a great length of time. Single-worked trees have done well for thirty or forty years under favourable influences.
The following list, made out chiefly from the combined experience of European and American cultivators, may prove valuable to those commencing with dwarf pears.
1. Pears succeeding better on quince than on pear stocks, and which should be mostly worked as dwarfs.
Louise Bonne of Jersey, Duchess d'Angouleme, Easter Beurre, Beurre Diel, Long Green of Autumn, Beurre d'Amalis, Glout Morceau, Vicar of Winkfield.
2. Pears usually succeeding well both on pear and quince.
Beurre Sterkmans, Buffum, White Doyenne, Stevens' Genesee, Chaumontelle, Early Rousselet, Van Mons' Leon Le Clerc, Jaminette, Dearborn's Seedling, Doyenne d'Alencon, Osband's Summer, Bloodgood, Jersey Gratoli, Passe Colmar, Pound (Uvedale's St Germain), Beurre d'Anjou, Catilac, Soldat Laboureur, Triomphe de Jodoigne, Ubaniste, Rostiezer, Kingsessing, Epine Dumas, Oswego Beurre, Napoleon, Capiaumont, Jargonelle, St Germain, Summer Franc Real, Tyson, Madeleine, Compte de Larmy, Dutchess d'Orleans, Forelle, Delices d'Hardenpont, Figue, Beurre Langelier, Doyenne Bussock, Nouveau Poiteau, St. Michael Archange, Josephine de Malines, Bergamot Cadette, Figue d'Alencon, Beurre Superfin.
3. Pears growing on quince, but better on pear stocks.
Beurre d'Aremberg, Onondaga, Seckel, Gray Doyenne, Bartlett, Doyenne d'ette, Belle Lucrative.
4. Pears usually failing on quince, unless double worked.
Beurre Bosc, Marie Louise, Gansels Bergamot, Dix, Winter Nellis, Washington, Paradise d'Automne, Sheldon, Dunmore.
Dwarf Fruit Trees for the Home and Garden, by Harold Tukey lists the following in three groups (only those not listed by Thomas have been listed here)
1. Varieties of pear especially suited to being grafted on quince-
Alexander Lucas, Bergamot Poiteau, Beurre d'Anjou, Beurre Dumont, Beurre d'Esperen, Beurre d'Amanlis, Beurre Fougueray, Beurre Gifford, Beurre Hardy, Beurre Lebrun, Beurre Superfin, Covert, Doyenne du Comice, Duondeau, Early Seckel, Elizabeth, Flemish Beauty, Gorham, Howell, Keifer, Maxine, Old Home, Passe Crassane, Phelps, Pitmaston Dutchess, Pound, Uvedale's St Germain (note Tukey lists them separately) President Barabe, Pulteney, Rosteizer, Tyson, Urbaniste, White Doyenne, Winter Bartlett.
"The American Fruit Culturist" gives the following varieties as successful on hawthorn-
Beurre Bosc, Flemish Beauty, Marie Louise and some others.
Thomas Lang and Co, Nurserymen of Ballarat and Melbourne list the following pears for sale on quince rootstocks-
Alexandre Lambre, Bergamotte Esperen, Beurre Bachelier, Beurre Brown, Beurre d'Arembery, Beurre d'Amanalis, Beurre Diel, Beurre Hardy, Beurre Leon de Clerc, Beurre Stercmans, Beurre Superfin, Compte De Flandre, Compte de Lamy, Delices d' Hardenpont, Doyenne Du Comice, Doyenne Griss, Glou Morceaux, Josephine de Malines, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Marie Louise, Prince Albert, Surpasse Crassane, Triomphe de Jodoigne, Urbaniste, Uvedale St Germain and Winter Nellis.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Note: Thomas Lang lists Winter Nellis with no mention of double working and all American references list it as incompatible. Perhaps our milder winters mean that some of the ones unsuited to their conditions can be worked on quince here in Australia?
The result is not always the same in different soils and in different seasons. The Seckel, for instance, has wholly failed in one year, and in another, on the same spot of ground has grown well.
The changes wrought by the quince stock are often important and interesting. T Rivers states that the Beurre d'Aremberg ripens several weeks earlier in winter; that the Easter Beurre is rendered more productive and matures its fruit, while on the pear it is a bad bearer, and does not ripen; that the Fortunee is a "perfect crab" upon a pear, but on the quince is melting and juicy; that the Glou Morceau is imperfect and ripens badly on the pear, but is always fair and attains a high and mature flavour on the quince. As a general effect the size of the fruit is increased, but in some cases is rendered more gritty in texture.
Spacing guide for pears on various rootstocks-
Pear rootstocks 4-6m apart.
Quince A 2m apart.
Quince BAC 29 2m apart.
Quince C 1.5m apart
The only reliable stock is the French quince. Nearly all the experiments with mountain ash have sooner or later proved failures.
Budded or grafted on apple seedlings, pears sometimes make a feeble growth for a few years; but unless the grafts themselves throw out shoots, by planting beneath the surface, they sooner or later perish.
It sometimes happens that grafts of a few varieties inserted at standard height, grow and bear for a few years. The thorn (hawthorn?) has been used in England, and to some extent in this country, with partial success. But all other kinds of dissimilar stocks have given way to the quince, which is much superior for general use to any other.
The varieties of pear do not grow with equal facility upon the quince. A few, as the Duchess d'Angouleme, Louise Bonne of Jersey, and Beurre Diel, are so much improved in quality that their cultivation on pear stocks is discontinued by most fruit-growers. A large number flourish well, but are little changed in quality, as White Doyenne, and Dearborn's Seedling. A few, on the other hand, succeed badly or wholly refuse to grow upon quince stocks, without double working, which consists in first budding some freely growing pear upon the quince bottom, and then budding or grafting the "refractory" sort into the pear shoot.
As a general rule, double worked trees do not flourish for a great length of time. Single-worked trees have done well for thirty or forty years under favourable influences.
The following list, made out chiefly from the combined experience of European and American cultivators, may prove valuable to those commencing with dwarf pears.
1. Pears succeeding better on quince than on pear stocks, and which should be mostly worked as dwarfs.
Louise Bonne of Jersey, Duchess d'Angouleme, Easter Beurre, Beurre Diel, Long Green of Autumn, Beurre d'Amalis, Glout Morceau, Vicar of Winkfield.
2. Pears usually succeeding well both on pear and quince.
Beurre Sterkmans, Buffum, White Doyenne, Stevens' Genesee, Chaumontelle, Early Rousselet, Van Mons' Leon Le Clerc, Jaminette, Dearborn's Seedling, Doyenne d'Alencon, Osband's Summer, Bloodgood, Jersey Gratoli, Passe Colmar, Pound (Uvedale's St Germain), Beurre d'Anjou, Catilac, Soldat Laboureur, Triomphe de Jodoigne, Ubaniste, Rostiezer, Kingsessing, Epine Dumas, Oswego Beurre, Napoleon, Capiaumont, Jargonelle, St Germain, Summer Franc Real, Tyson, Madeleine, Compte de Larmy, Dutchess d'Orleans, Forelle, Delices d'Hardenpont, Figue, Beurre Langelier, Doyenne Bussock, Nouveau Poiteau, St. Michael Archange, Josephine de Malines, Bergamot Cadette, Figue d'Alencon, Beurre Superfin.
3. Pears growing on quince, but better on pear stocks.
Beurre d'Aremberg, Onondaga, Seckel, Gray Doyenne, Bartlett, Doyenne d'ette, Belle Lucrative.
4. Pears usually failing on quince, unless double worked.
Beurre Bosc, Marie Louise, Gansels Bergamot, Dix, Winter Nellis, Washington, Paradise d'Automne, Sheldon, Dunmore.
Dwarf Fruit Trees for the Home and Garden, by Harold Tukey lists the following in three groups (only those not listed by Thomas have been listed here)
1. Varieties of pear especially suited to being grafted on quince-
Alexander Lucas, Bergamot Poiteau, Beurre d'Anjou, Beurre Dumont, Beurre d'Esperen, Beurre d'Amanlis, Beurre Fougueray, Beurre Gifford, Beurre Hardy, Beurre Lebrun, Beurre Superfin, Covert, Doyenne du Comice, Duondeau, Early Seckel, Elizabeth, Flemish Beauty, Gorham, Howell, Keifer, Maxine, Old Home, Passe Crassane, Phelps, Pitmaston Dutchess, Pound, Uvedale's St Germain (note Tukey lists them separately) President Barabe, Pulteney, Rosteizer, Tyson, Urbaniste, White Doyenne, Winter Bartlett.
"The American Fruit Culturist" gives the following varieties as successful on hawthorn-
Beurre Bosc, Flemish Beauty, Marie Louise and some others.
Thomas Lang and Co, Nurserymen of Ballarat and Melbourne list the following pears for sale on quince rootstocks-
Alexandre Lambre, Bergamotte Esperen, Beurre Bachelier, Beurre Brown, Beurre d'Arembery, Beurre d'Amanalis, Beurre Diel, Beurre Hardy, Beurre Leon de Clerc, Beurre Stercmans, Beurre Superfin, Compte De Flandre, Compte de Lamy, Delices d' Hardenpont, Doyenne Du Comice, Doyenne Griss, Glou Morceaux, Josephine de Malines, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Marie Louise, Prince Albert, Surpasse Crassane, Triomphe de Jodoigne, Urbaniste, Uvedale St Germain and Winter Nellis.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Note: Thomas Lang lists Winter Nellis with no mention of double working and all American references list it as incompatible. Perhaps our milder winters mean that some of the ones unsuited to their conditions can be worked on quince here in Australia?
The result is not always the same in different soils and in different seasons. The Seckel, for instance, has wholly failed in one year, and in another, on the same spot of ground has grown well.
The changes wrought by the quince stock are often important and interesting. T Rivers states that the Beurre d'Aremberg ripens several weeks earlier in winter; that the Easter Beurre is rendered more productive and matures its fruit, while on the pear it is a bad bearer, and does not ripen; that the Fortunee is a "perfect crab" upon a pear, but on the quince is melting and juicy; that the Glou Morceau is imperfect and ripens badly on the pear, but is always fair and attains a high and mature flavour on the quince. As a general effect the size of the fruit is increased, but in some cases is rendered more gritty in texture.
Spacing guide for pears on various rootstocks-
Pear rootstocks 4-6m apart.
Quince A 2m apart.
Quince BAC 29 2m apart.
Quince C 1.5m apart
Ripening times and other information for pears
Pears with a reference in the literature to being compatible with quince rootstocks have (Q) beside them.
Vigor of the variety is expressed as a value from V1-V3. People multi-grafting trees should try to only have all varieties of the same value on the same tree.
Flowering times are expressed as F1-F5 (t means triploid or male sterile) and there is a desperate need for more information.
U or S refer to the growth habit of the variety, U being upright and S being spreading. Best results with multi-grafting may be best achieved 1`if all varieties were either U or S. Upright varieties are suited to espaliering and spreading varieties may not be.
Pears with a high winter chill requirement have Hc, a medium chill requirement Mc and low chill requirement Lc
Pears that can't be included because of insufficient information but can be grouped from the information on the catalogues- Early- Marie Louise, Jargonelle, Beurre Capiaumont F4 Mid Marie Louise D'Uccle, Napoleon Q, Late Black Achan F4, Broom Park F2, Glou Morceau F4,Q Ungrouped with flowering times- Brown Beurre F4,Q Pitmaston Duchess V3,F5,Q
Variety Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
----- Christmas Pear
-------- [U,F1,Lc Flordahome
--------- [V2,F2,Hc, San Giovanni
--------- [V3,F2,Hc, Precoce di Fiorani
--------- [V2,F1,Hc Red Face
-------- [F2,Mc Harington's Victoria
-------- [V2,F2,Lc FLA 39-40
--------- [V3,U,F3,Hc Clapp's Favorite
--------- [V3,F2,Hc? Butirra Precoce Morettini
--------- [F1,Lc Hood
Harrow Delight ----------[V2,S,F4,Hc
Butirra Rosata Morenttini
---------- [V3,self fertile? Hc?
Beurre Hardy --------- [V3,S,F3t,Hc,Q
Williams ---------- [V2,S,F4,Hc,
Williams Compatable ---------- [V2,S,F4,Hc,Q,
Dr Jules Guyot ---------- [V2,U,F3,Hc
Red Sensation ---------- [V2,S,F4
Napoleon ---------- [F2Q?
BD 35-84 ---------- [V2,F3,Hc
FLA 57-75 --------- [V2,F2,Lc
Howell --------- [V1,U,F2,Hc?,Q
St Giovanni ----------
Seckel ---------- [V2,F3,
Packham --------- [V1,S,F3,Hc
Lemon Bergamot ---------[V2,U,F2,Hc
Flemish Beauty --------- [Q
Beurre Bosc --------- [V3,S,F3,Hc
Doyenne de Comice --------- [V3,U,F4,Hc,Q
Eldorado ---------- [V2,F3,Hc
Passe Crassane ------------- [V2,F3,Hc,Q,
Beurre Clairgeau --------------- [F2
Conference ------------ [V2,F3,Hc,
Josephine ----------- [V2,S,F2,Hc,Q,
Keifer Hybrid ------------ [F1,Q,
Vicar of Winkfield ------------ [F4,Q,
Corella ------------ [V2,U,F2,Hc
Winter Cole ----------- [V3,S,F4,Hc
Uvedale's St Germain -------------- [t,Q
Winter Nellis F4 ------------ [U,F4,Hc,
Beurre d'Anjou ------------ [V3,F3,Hc,Q
Thanks to Adrian and Rosalie Taylor of Valley Trees Nursery for their assistance in compiling the ripening times chart.
Non-profit groups such as garden groups, organic groups, permaculture groups or similar are encouraged to distribute this material by computer printouts or photostatting. Groups are encouraged to make their own pamphlets to photocopy and sell for profits for their group.
It is asked that anyone intending to use this information in commercially published form ask the permission of Neil Barraclough RMB1477 Stratford 3862
Copyright 19/5/2001 14/08/08
Pears with a reference in the literature to being compatible with quince rootstocks have (Q) beside them.
Vigor of the variety is expressed as a value from V1-V3. People multi-grafting trees should try to only have all varieties of the same value on the same tree.
Flowering times are expressed as F1-F5 (t means triploid or male sterile) and there is a desperate need for more information.
U or S refer to the growth habit of the variety, U being upright and S being spreading. Best results with multi-grafting may be best achieved 1`if all varieties were either U or S. Upright varieties are suited to espaliering and spreading varieties may not be.
Pears with a high winter chill requirement have Hc, a medium chill requirement Mc and low chill requirement Lc
Pears that can't be included because of insufficient information but can be grouped from the information on the catalogues- Early- Marie Louise, Jargonelle, Beurre Capiaumont F4 Mid Marie Louise D'Uccle, Napoleon Q, Late Black Achan F4, Broom Park F2, Glou Morceau F4,Q Ungrouped with flowering times- Brown Beurre F4,Q Pitmaston Duchess V3,F5,Q
Variety Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
----- Christmas Pear
-------- [U,F1,Lc Flordahome
--------- [V2,F2,Hc, San Giovanni
--------- [V3,F2,Hc, Precoce di Fiorani
--------- [V2,F1,Hc Red Face
-------- [F2,Mc Harington's Victoria
-------- [V2,F2,Lc FLA 39-40
--------- [V3,U,F3,Hc Clapp's Favorite
--------- [V3,F2,Hc? Butirra Precoce Morettini
--------- [F1,Lc Hood
Harrow Delight ----------[V2,S,F4,Hc
Butirra Rosata Morenttini
---------- [V3,self fertile? Hc?
Beurre Hardy --------- [V3,S,F3t,Hc,Q
Williams ---------- [V2,S,F4,Hc,
Williams Compatable ---------- [V2,S,F4,Hc,Q,
Dr Jules Guyot ---------- [V2,U,F3,Hc
Red Sensation ---------- [V2,S,F4
Napoleon ---------- [F2Q?
BD 35-84 ---------- [V2,F3,Hc
FLA 57-75 --------- [V2,F2,Lc
Howell --------- [V1,U,F2,Hc?,Q
St Giovanni ----------
Seckel ---------- [V2,F3,
Packham --------- [V1,S,F3,Hc
Lemon Bergamot ---------[V2,U,F2,Hc
Flemish Beauty --------- [Q
Beurre Bosc --------- [V3,S,F3,Hc
Doyenne de Comice --------- [V3,U,F4,Hc,Q
Eldorado ---------- [V2,F3,Hc
Passe Crassane ------------- [V2,F3,Hc,Q,
Beurre Clairgeau --------------- [F2
Conference ------------ [V2,F3,Hc,
Josephine ----------- [V2,S,F2,Hc,Q,
Keifer Hybrid ------------ [F1,Q,
Vicar of Winkfield ------------ [F4,Q,
Corella ------------ [V2,U,F2,Hc
Winter Cole ----------- [V3,S,F4,Hc
Uvedale's St Germain -------------- [t,Q
Winter Nellis F4 ------------ [U,F4,Hc,
Beurre d'Anjou ------------ [V3,F3,Hc,Q
Thanks to Adrian and Rosalie Taylor of Valley Trees Nursery for their assistance in compiling the ripening times chart.
Non-profit groups such as garden groups, organic groups, permaculture groups or similar are encouraged to distribute this material by computer printouts or photostatting. Groups are encouraged to make their own pamphlets to photocopy and sell for profits for their group.
It is asked that anyone intending to use this information in commercially published form ask the permission of Neil Barraclough RMB1477 Stratford 3862
Copyright 19/5/2001 14/08/08